©GAME, COMPETITIONS
GAME ON STATIONS "OBG"

Miroshkina S.M., Novinsky D.V., Bukhvalov Yuriy, Sovetov Sergej, etc.

The problems of safety maintenance of ability to live ( OBG ) for person took a significant place in the program of the camp, since they are the problems of the interaction between person and natural environment. For fastening and check of knowledge, this game was carried out in one of the last days. Each group that worked in the camp on a determined scientific field, represented a team( 10-12 people); the total number of teams was five.

Before the beginning the conditions of the game are explained to the participants, each of 5 teams receives a routing sheet.

Routing sheet (example)

In routing sheets the order of stations visiting is scheduled. On each station teams receive the determined task - questions on studied topic in the camp. The time of stay on each station is up to 10 minutes. Having executed the task, the team goes to the following station. The total number of stations is five; the work of a team on each station is evaluated on the 10-point scale, under the rules, which are determined by the manager of station. It is considered not only the answer quality, but also the team organisation, high percentage of the team members in the decision of questions. The number of points, received by a team, is put down at once in a routing sheet.

The game was carried out in the headquarters building of Civil Defence of PNPI RAS, and schoolchildren could use information stands and evident allowances were prepared for this game.

Routes on stations

We present the list of stations and questions.

I. Medical station. The chiefs: Kurakova N.G., Vizhutkina E.V.

Questions:
1. Sources and spreaders of diseases.
2. Individual and collective ways of protection.
3. First help at food poisoning and measure of preventive maintenance.
4. Imposing strap and trunk made of improvised material.
5. Medicinal plants and ways of their use.

II. Radiating station. The chiefs: Vizhutkina L.P., Lappo O.V, Miroshkina S.M., There were two teams on radiation.

In the camp schoolchildren have received initial representations about radioactive radiation, though this theme is related to the 11th form by the school programs. The enlistment of questions on this station was more, but all teams have shown good knowledge.

Questions:
1. What do you understand under a word "radioactivity "?
2. Which radiation types of radioactive elements do you know?
3. What do alpha-,beta- and gamma-rays propose for?
4. Which rays have large penetrating ability?
5. Which sources of radiation are exist?
6. Put examples of natural and artificial sources of radiation.
7. Show the sign " Radiating danger ".
8. What radioactive gas do you know? Where its concentration is increased?
9. The harmful or useful action a natural background level of radiation influences? Clear up.
10. Which ways it is possible to reduce a doze by work with sources of a radiation?
11. Point out the allowable dozes.
12. What is radiophobia?
13. What is one of the first consequences of radiation action on living organisms?
14. People’s action and behaviour at a signal of radiating danger.

III. Station " Fires in a wood ". The chief is Minaeva E.N.

This theme has occurred in ecological camp in 1996. A wood is the major factor of ecological balance: it is the accumulator of solar energy and bio, mass, one of oxygen sources; it clears the atmosphere, adjusts water flowing off, protects soil from erosion; it is a place of rest and source of people’s health. Therefore struggle with forest fires and its prevention is important link in fight for preservation of natural environment.

Questions ( we present also, in view of novelty of a theme, and answers ):

1. What harmful fires bring in a wood?
( Growing wood, living places of birds and animals, mushrooms, berries, medicinal plants are destroyed; shift o it is possible swamping and unwashed change of forest species).

2. What types of wood fires do you know, what are their difference?
(Lower - on soil cover, upper - on tops of trees; spreading speed is up to 25 km /h; underground - on districts with moss layer of bedding or peat soil, not less than 20 сm; they spread slowly).

3. Which kinds of wood are the most fire-dangerous? Why?
(Coniferous , especially, dry pines ; inflame occurs beginning from moss , lichen, small sized fallen leaves and branches. heather is the most fire-dangerous; bilberry and red- bilberry - less ).

4. What fire prevention rules are need to be executed in a wood by choice of a bonfire place putting?
( It is forbidden to organise bonfires in young coniferous wood, on peat, under trees crowns and in districts ,where forest is damaged by wind and storm break. In other places it is possible to make a bonfire, if this place is environed by mine­ rallied band in width of 0,5 m. Leaving, it is necessary to flood bonfire by a water and fill up it by the ground. )

5. What is necessary to do at detection of a wood fire?
( Elementary way is to lash on a lower bonfire by branches of a fire or filling up it by ground; other ways - depending on being present forces and means. If it is not possible to manage by a flame, it is necessary to inform quickly about a fire into forest district from nearest population place. )

IV. Biological station. The chiefs: Mavlyutova O.S., Bezdolnaya L.I.

Questions:
1. Ways of protection from chlorine and ammonia;
2. Poisonous plants;
3. Edible plants;
4. Non-traditional meal in nature;
5. Alarm signals; actions and behaviour of the people at these signals.

The organisers of game gave the special significance to the last question, as there are (as, probably, in the majority of towns) potentially dangerous industrial objects in Gatchina, which are located in a centre of residential files, frequently near to schools. The answers of the schoolchildren have shown, that they know about these objects and ready for unexpectedness.

V. Creative station. The chief: Kislov M.I.

Each of five commands has beforehand prepared for this station a set from ten words - terms, relating to ecology in common and to this work group direction in particular. Each team received a set on lot( "drawn " ),prepared by the team ; the task consisted in a volume, that to create a poem for 15 minutes, in which it would be used all ten words ( not obligatory in rhyme, though some sets were made from rhyming into pairswords ).

The sets of words, which were get to teams, were such:

1. Elephant, maple, flower, little oak, science, pike, branch, paper, cat, mosquito.
2. Flower, radiation, factor, flood, reactor, ammonia, acacia, generation, doze, zodiac.
3. Fauna, architecture, biome, ecology, landscape, flora, person, ecopath ( eight words, but what words! ).
4. Vaccine, medicine, vitamin, toxins, nitrates, chemical poisonous, filter, disguise, toxins, oranges.
5. Radon, lawn, planet, newspaper, doze, rose, person, century, water, cold.

Very the different sets of words, and poems were received different.

We present some of them:

1. Team «The medicine»

   Has come elephant,
   Has broken a maple,
   Has eaten a pike,
   Has learned a science,
   And has then found bunch,
   And has made a paper from it.
   Here a midge has sticked to him,
   And it was eaten by cat.

2. Team «The radiating»

   If, smelling flower, receive at once a doze,
   Means, there is reactor — radiating factor.
   If our generation survived flood — ,
   There are a lot of ammonia in atmosphere.
   And zodiac marks are not visible?
   It means reaction in air.
   And flowering acacia is withering.

3. Team «The radiating»

   Ecology is a perfect word!
   Save landscape, person!
   The world of the animals - wonderful fauna,
   Save the world of the animals forever!
   The world of plants architecture -
   Flora - wonderful biome.
   Wood is perfect ecostructure...
   We will create the ecopath.

4. Team «A fire in a wood»

   If you have found vaccine,
   Address it into a medicine,
   Will there give you vitamins
   Against harmful toxin,
   And we are free from toxins .
   Will be your oranges.
   If you have found nitrates,
   That is poisonous chemicals,
   Then make filtration,
   But it is not necessary to do camouflage.

5. Team «The Biological»

   Radon is very dangerous,
   Green lawn is much better,
   The dangerous doze will bring colds,
   All roses will wither, a water will freeze
   A planet will stop, person will die,
   The Newspapers will not issue ...
   A century will be finished.

The totals results of game were moved at once. The difference has appeared very small — from 48 points at a team, taken the first place, to 43 — the last place.

Fastening and the check of knowledge were the purpose of the organisers of the game, and for the participants the main consisted of the game, allowed to display the initiative, enthusiasms and creativity.

Note: Drawings by a way of the computer schedules has executed by Sovetov Sergej and Bukhvalov Yuriy.

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